Abbas Amir-Entezam (Persian: عباس امیر انتظام, born 1933) was the spokesman and Deputy Prime Minister in the Interim Cabinet of Mehdi Bazargan in 1979. In 1981 he was sentenced to life imprisonment on charges of spying for the U.S., a charge critics suggest was a cover for retaliation against his early opposition to theocratic government in Iran. He is now "the longest-held political prisoner in the Islamic Republic of Iran". According to Fariba Amini, as of 2006 he has "been in jail for 17 years and in and out of jail for the last ten years, altogether for 27 years."

Education and Career Entezam was born to "a middle-class family" in Tehran in 1933. He studied Electromechanical Engineering at Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran and graduated in 1955. In 1956 Entezam left Iran for study at the Sorbonne. He then went to the U.S. and completed his postgraduate education at the University of California in Berkeley. After graduation, he remained in the US and worked as an entrepreneur. Around 1970, Entezam mother was dying and he returned to Iran to be with her. Because of his earlier political activities, the Shah's Intelligence Service would not allow him to return to the U.S. He stayed in Iran, marrying, becoming a father and developing a business in partnership with his friend and mentor, Mehdi Bazargan. In 1979 the Shah was overthrown by the Iranian Revolution. Revolutionary leader Ayatollah Khomeini, recently returned to Iran, appointed Bazargan as Prime Minister of the Provisional Revolutionary Government. "Bazargan asks Entezam to be the Deputy Prime Minister and the official spokesperson for the new government." According to Entezam's website: Following the orders of the Prime Minister, Entezam sets out to rebuild the relationship between the US and the post-revolutionary Iran. He retains diplomatic contacts with the US embassy, advocating for normalization of the relationship between the two countries. This was to later lead to imprisonment. In 1979 Amir-Entezam "succeeded in having the majority of the cabinet sign a letter opposing the Assembly of Experts", which was drawing up the new theocratic constitution where democratic bodies were subordinant to clerical bodies. His theocratic opponents attacked him and in August 1979 Bazargan "appointed Entezam to become Iran's ambassador to Sweden."